Ajay Sohal
Patent Intelligence · Embedded Systems · Technology Research


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My work spans patent intelligence, embedded systems, signal processing, reverse engineering, telecom standards, and technology research. I work across the boundary of engineering and intellectual property.

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When companies launch products, there is an invisible layer underneath: standards, architectures, claims, protocols, firmware, and strategic intellectual property. My work is to analyze that layer.

Patent claims are not just legal text — they are precise technical descriptions of how innovations function. Reading them requires the same mind that designed them: an engineering mind.

I investigate how concepts from research become products, how products enter standards, and how standards generate intellectual property rights. Whether for enforcement, risk mitigation, or portfolio strategy — the goal is always the same: precise, defensible analysis that enables confident decisions.

My background in embedded systems, signal processing, and real-time firmware means I can trace a patent claim from language all the way to silicon.

02 / Areas of Interest

Fields of
Investigation

01
Embedded Systems
Firmware, microcontrollers, real-time operating systems. Where software meets the physical world at the instruction level.
02
Telecom Standards
3GPP releases, LTE, 5G NR, protocol stacks. The infrastructure of wireless communication — and the IP that governs it.
03
Signal Processing
Spectroscopy, biosignal acquisition, noise filtering, baseline correction. The translation of physical phenomena into useful data.
04
Reverse Engineering
Product teardowns, source code analysis, specification mapping. Understanding how devices actually implement their claims.
05
Patent Intelligence
Prior art research, SEP analysis, FTO studies, claim charting. Transforming technical documents into strategic decisions.
06
Research & Innovation
Technology landscape mapping, portfolio analysis, trend identification. Reading the future through what is already filed.
07
Human-Machine Systems
Interfaces between human intent and machine behavior — sensors, actuators, feedback loops, and the engineering of perception.
03 / Selected Work

Investigations &
Projects

01
3GPP Standards Analysis & SEP Claim Charting
Deep investigation of 3GPP technical specifications across LTE and 5G NR releases. Mapping standard-essential patent claims against protocol behavior, specification text, and implementation requirements for telecom IP licensing and enforcement proceedings.
Telecom SEP Claim Charting
02
Patent Portfolio Investigation
Analyzed 500+ patents and 100+ portfolios supporting client monetization strategies exceeding $100M in revenue. Work spans infringement identification, prior art research, validity analysis, and strategic FTO assessment across USPTO, WIPO, Espacenet, and Derwent databases.
FTO Prior Art Portfolio
03
TDLAS Gas Sensing System
Engineered a tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy system on RedPitaya embedded platform. Achieved 90% measurement accuracy with 75% noise reduction through custom baseline correction algorithms and signal normalization pipelines implemented in Python and MATLAB.
Embedded Signal Processing
04
SpectroPlotter
Designed and built a low-cost portable spectroscope using Raspberry Pi and RGB light sensing, achieving 70% efficiency for light absorption measurement and liquid solubility analysis. Includes Python data acquisition modules and an offline GUI for spectral visualization.
Hardware Python
05
3-Lead ECG Signal Processing System
Designed a real-time 3-lead ECG acquisition system using Arduino with digital filtering for noise suppression. Applied baseline correction and signal normalization in MATLAB achieving 75% improvement in processing accuracy and reliable detection of ECG waveform morphology.
Biosignal Arduino
06
3GPP Through The Ages — Co-authored Guidebook
Co-authored a comprehensive technical reference covering the full evolution of 3GPP standards from early releases through 5G NR. A structured guide to the architecture, key decisions, and intellectual landscape of modern wireless telecommunications.
Read on Amazon ↗
Publication 3GPP
04 / Career Arc

A Path Through
Disciplines

2018 – 2022
Electrical Engineering
B.E. in Electronics & Communication at Panjab University. Foundation in circuits, signals, systems, and embedded electronics. Early explorations in data science, robotics, and Python-based instrumentation at DRDO, PGIMER, and NITTTR.
Jan – Jun 2023
Embedded Systems & Signal Processing
Intern at CSIO-CSIR. Designed real-world instrumentation systems — TDLAS gas sensing, spectroscopy tools, signal acquisition pipelines. First encounter with the gap between what technology claims and what it actually does.
Jul 2023 – Feb 2025
Patent Intelligence
Research Analyst at Copperpod IP. Applied engineering knowledge to intellectual property — prior art, FTO, infringement analysis, claim charting. Discovered that reading patents requires the same technical intuition as writing code.
Feb 2025 – Present
Standards & Innovation Research
Senior Research Analyst at Copperpod IP — SEP analysis, 3GPP standards, portfolio strategy. Co-authored "3GPP Through the Ages." Working at the boundary of engineering depth and legal strategy, where both must be fluent in the same language.
05 / Thinking

Notes on
Technology & IP

10,000+
Patents
Analyzed
500+
Patent
Portfolios
$100M+
Client
Impact
3+
Years
Experience
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